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ABSTRACT
Nowadays Diesel fuels have a market share of higher than two thirds of the road transport fuels sold in France, which is due to the high number of diesel vehicles in French fleets. The situation is not quite the same in the rest of Europe, however increased diesel vehicle sales is still high in terms of reducing the CO2 emissions from vehicles. This article, the third part on fuel, will be dedicated to clarifying all the issues related to the necessary evolution of diesel fuels with an emphasis on key parameters and expected formulation changes, in particular the systematic introduction of biofuels. This article will also deal with the other medium distillates used on more rustic diesel engines and will finish with an important section regarding jet-fuels, the fuels used by commercial airplanes, which will undergo major changes in the years to come.
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Read the articleAUTHOR
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Xavier MONTAGNE: Doctor of Petroleum Sciences, qualified to direct research - Deputy Director of Scientific Management, IFP Énergies nouvelles - Fuel expert – Biofuels - Professor at the École nationale supérieure du pétrole et des moteurs, IFP School - Chevalier dans l'ordre des Palmes Académiques
INTRODUCTION
An initial
The second
This third dossier [BE 8 545] is devoted to diesel engine fuels and other middle distillates, including jet fuels, which are taking on much greater importance today. Diesel fuels have undergone major changes in recent years, due to :
the need to significantly reduce pollutant emissions, particularly NO x and particulates;
very strong growth in sales of diesel-powered passenger cars.
This situation creates a major imbalance in the fuel market, raising the question of formulation, essential characteristics and alternative bases.
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Bibliography
- (1) - ALANDER (T.J.A.), LESKINEN (A.P.), RAUNEMAA (T.M.), Rantanen (L.) - Characterization of diesel particles: Effects of fuel reformulation, exhaust aftertreatment, and engine operation on particle carbon composition and volatility. - Environmental Science & Technology 38 (9) : 2707-2714 (2004).
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Websites
Fuel compatibility of vehicles in service http://www.service-public.fr/actualités
European regulations http://ec.europa.eu/environnement/r/transport/fuel.htm
Events
SIA Fuel Congress http://www.sia.fr
THIESEL Congress organized by CMT every 2 years http://www.upv.es/noticias-upv/http://www.cmt.upv.es
Standards and norms
- norme européenne de qualité des gazoles - EN 590 -
- norme europénne de qualité du Biodiesel - EN 14214 -
- Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels - ASTM D1655 - 10 -
- British Ministry of Defence Standard. Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels - DEF STAN 91 -
- Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems : The Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for...
Regulations
European Directive 98/70/EC (Fuel Quality Directive) on the quality of petrol and diesel fuels, revised on 1 er April 2009 (Directive 2009/30/EC).
European directive 70/220/EEC, regulation 715 2007 (euro 5) on motor vehicle emissions.
European Directive 2003/30/EC on the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport....
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
ACARE Advisary Council for Aeronautical Research in Europe http://www.acare4europe.com
AFTP French Association of Petroleum Technicians http://www.aftp.net
ASTM...
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