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2. Jet fuels
As their name suggests, these products are primarily designed to power jet aircraft; they can also be used in land-based gas turbines, which can themselves be adapted to a very wide variety of fuels: natural gas, LPG, diesel, FOD... The jet-fuel market is booming, driven by the prospect of significant growth in air transport. In France, for example, sales have been rising by 3 to 4% a year for the past few years. What's more, air transport is going to be faced with major challenges in the years ahead, notably concerning the reduction of fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions, the reduction of certain pollutants such as NO x and particulates, and noise. There is therefore every reason to believe that these developments will have consequences for the fuel item.
Jet fuel is a specific...
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Jet fuels
Bibliography
- (1) - ALANDER (T.J.A.), LESKINEN (A.P.), RAUNEMAA (T.M.), Rantanen (L.) - Characterization of diesel particles: Effects of fuel reformulation, exhaust aftertreatment, and engine operation on particle carbon composition and volatility. - Environmental Science & Technology 38 (9) : 2707-2714 (2004).
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Websites
Fuel compatibility of vehicles in service http://www.service-public.fr/actualités
European regulations http://ec.europa.eu/environnement/r/transport/fuel.htm
Events
SIA Fuel Congress http://www.sia.fr
THIESEL Congress organized by CMT every 2 years http://www.upv.es/noticias-upv/http://www.cmt.upv.es
Standards and norms
- norme européenne de qualité des gazoles - EN 590 -
- norme europénne de qualité du Biodiesel - EN 14214 -
- Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels - ASTM D1655 - 10 -
- British Ministry of Defence Standard. Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels - DEF STAN 91 -
- Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems : The Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for...
Regulations
European Directive 98/70/EC (Fuel Quality Directive) on the quality of petrol and diesel fuels, revised on 1 er April 2009 (Directive 2009/30/EC).
European directive 70/220/EEC, regulation 715 2007 (euro 5) on motor vehicle emissions.
European Directive 2003/30/EC on the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport....
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
ACARE Advisary Council for Aeronautical Research in Europe http://www.acare4europe.com
AFTP French Association of Petroleum Technicians http://www.aftp.net
ASTM...
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