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4. Packaging operations
4.1 Lifecycle management
The lifespan of packaging varies widely, from single-use drums for mining concentrates to heavy packaging for spent fuel, some of which has been in use for 40 years. Factors that limit service life include technical obsolescence (with the emergence of higher-capacity or lower-cost packaging), the closure of the facilities they serve, changes in regulations (on average 10 years between two significant modifications), the need to provide the authorities with proof of resistance to accidental conditions, and wear and tear on components that cannot be economically replaced.
Packaging for radioactive materials is likely to be contaminated as soon as it is used for the first time. They are therefore likely to become radioactive waste in whole...
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Packaging operations
Transport organization
Bibliography
Websites
Société française d'énergie nucléaire (SFEN), GR21 files, Safety of radioactive materials transportation http://www.sfen.org/fr/societe/sureté/lenail.htm
World Nuclear Transport Institute (WNTI) French portal, fact sheets, information papers http://www.wnti.co.uk
...Events
PATRAM, International Symposium on Packaging and Transport of Radioactive Materials, held every three years (Miami in 2007, London in 2010). http://www.patram2010.org
Radioactive Materials Transport, an international conference held every three years in the UK (Manchester in 2009).
Directory
World Nuclear Transport Institute (WNTI), London http://www.wnti.co.uk
French Nuclear Energy Society (SFEN), technical section 14 transport http://www.sfen.org
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