Overview
FrançaisABSTRACT
Radioactive waste require strict management in order to protect man and the environment from the ionizing radiations they emit. This management is within the framework of a well defined national policy and involves many actors. It is also a public concern. This article confronts the objectives and challenges of radioactive and notably nuclear waste management to the scientific and sociological challenges to be addressed in order to ensure a safe treatment. It compares this management to that of industrial waste. It then describes the institutional framework of the French radioactive waste management (laws and legislators). A brief overview of the international situation is also provided.
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Robert GUILLAUMONT: University Professor - Member of the French Academy of Sciences - Member of the Académie des technologies
INTRODUCTION
Since the beginning of the 20th century, the growing use of radioactive substances in various fields (research, industry, health, defense, energy) has produced an ever-increasing diversity of radioactive waste. For the past three decades, waste from nuclear power plants, known as nuclear waste, has been the most numerous and the most radioactive. In some countries, this is in addition to historical and current military nuclear waste. The management of radioactive waste is always very different from that of conventional industrial waste. Radioactive waste management in France covers the many aspects that need to be considered to ensure the protection of man and the environment. A great deal of study and research has gone into radioactive waste. The radioactive waste to be managed is highly varied and in large quantities, with operational disposal channels for many wastes and others under study. Current waste management is governed by recent legislation. The French situation is enveloped by what exists in other countries.
Radioactive waste management is covered in four articles. The first covers what you need to know to understand the most complicated long-term management problems, and the institutional aspects of waste inventory, processing to form primary waste packages, waste storage and, finally, disposal, where possible. The second article details operational practices covering operations to transform raw waste into primary waste packages. The third deals with the disposal of waste packages by geological deposition. The final article looks at studies and research into the development of a future nuclear waste management system that is less harmful than today's waste.
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Radioactive waste
Bibliography
Regulations
Légifrance website http://www.legifrance.fr
Law no. 91-1381 of December 30, 1991 on research into radioactive waste management.
Law no. 2006-739 of June 28, 2006 on the sustainable management of radioactive materials and waste.
Law no. 2006-686 of June 13, 2006 on nuclear transparency...
Organizations
French Ministry of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Spatial Planning (Meeddat) http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
Parliamentary Office for Scientific and Technological Assessment (Opecst) http://www.senat.fr/opecst/index.html
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