1. Additive manufacturing and emerging themes

The initial concept of 3D printing recalled in the introduction, initiated in 1984 (André ), was quickly modified to additive manufacturing, to distinguish it from subtractive manufacturing, which involves the elimination of material. Recent work has made it possible to dispense with the principles of additivity by producing 3D objects directly (3D volumetric process). This is known as 3D printing... In the body of the text, these two expressions are used interchangeably. Similarly, since stereolithography in 1984, there have been six other generic additive manufacturing technologies.