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2. High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAP): purification mechanisms and performance
Less expensive and more energy-efficient than activated sludge systems, but more intensive than lagoon-type ponds, microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems such as High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAPs) are seen as promising solutions for secondary wastewater treatment in the most remote areas. HRAPs are shallow (30 to 50 cm) artificial channels in single or series of raceway-type loops, combined with an impeller. The photographs in figure 3 show the Peterborough HRAP in Australia, a large-scale 5,000 m 2 system.
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High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAP): purification mechanisms and performance
Recovery of water leaving the HRAP and of the biomass produced
Bibliography
Regulations
Arrêté du 21 juillet 2015 relatif aux systèmes d'assainissement collectif et aux installations d'assainissement non collectif. NOR : DEVL1429608A.
Arrêté du 18 décembre 2023 relatif aux conditions de production et d'utilisation des eaux usées traitées pour l'irrigation de cultures. NOR : TREL2314434A.
Regulation EU 2019/1009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of...
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