Article | REF: RE110 V2

Second generation biofuels

Authors: François BROUST, Philippe GIRARD, Laurent VAN DE STEENE

Publication date: February 10, 2013

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2. Biochemical route: cellulosic ethanol

The biochemical route refers to the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass by hydrolysis followed by fermentation. The main end product is so-called "cellulosic" ethanol, in reference to the fraction of biomass that is mostly valorized. It is similar in nature to first-generation bioethanol produced from sugar or cereal plants such as corn and wheat. However, while first-generation bioethanol is at an advanced stage of technological maturity, second-generation bioethanol still faces technical and economic difficulties linked to the material to be recovered [33] :

  • lignin cannot be fermented into ethanol. Only the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions are potential sources of fermentable sugars (see Box 1), hexoses (glucose) and pentoses respectively;

  • the three polymers making up lignocellulosic material form...

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Biochemical route: cellulosic ethanol