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1. Concepts and challenges of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology
1.1 Industrial challenges of the 21st century and chemistry
1.1.1 20th-century industry's dependence on non-renewable resources
The great economic and industrial advances of the 20th century have led to an unprecedented multiplication in the variety of molecules and materials used by man to manufacture the objects he builds, and to meet his energy needs. As a result, industrial progress has made our societies increasingly dependent on the planet's natural resources.
The two sciences driving...
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Concepts and challenges of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology
Major metabolic engineering successes
Bibliography
- (1) - ANASTAS (P.), WARNER (J.C.) - Green chemistry. - US Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/
- (2) - Production of acetone and alcohol...
Standards and norms
CEN Bio-sourced products (TC 411 work), EN 16575, 2014.
CEN Liquid and gaseous fuels, lubricants and other petroleum-related products, synthetic or of biological origin (TC19 work), in progress.
Regulations
In Europe
Directive n° 2009/41/EC of May 6, 2009 on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms
In France
Decree no. 2011-1177 of September 23, 2011 on the contained use of genetically modified organisms (consolidated version of September 26, 2011)
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