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2. Organic matter deposits compatible with biohydrogen production
2.1 Sugar-rich substrates
Microbial species of the genus Clostridium sp. that produce hydrogen by fermentation have a high affinity for simple sugars. The most extensively studied synthetic substrates to date have been based on glucose and sucrose. More complex sugars have also been used, such as cellulose, starch, yeast effluents, rice distillery effluents, waste from industrial bioethanol production, vinasses, molasses, glycerol-rich effluents, etc. Generally speaking, the richer the substrate is in easily accessible sugars or glycerol, the more suitable it is for fermentative hydrogen production.
Today, there is growing interest in the use of agricultural residues, as they are abundant, cheap and easily biodegradable organic matter, with the exception...
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Organic matter deposits compatible with biohydrogen production
Microbial players in anaerobic digestion
Bibliography
Software tools
Aquasim 2.0. Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG). http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/siam/software/aquasim/program_description
SIMBA (ifak system): simulation of wastewater treatment plants including activated sludge digesters....
Websites
• In France
Biohydrogen research group
ANR Bioenergies 2008 project INGECOH: Ecological engineering of fermentative biohydrogen-producing microbial ecosystems
...Events
World Hydrogen Energy Conference (WHEC). Conference on hydrogen (production, storage, use) held every two years. In 2018, the 22 e conference will be held in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Anaerobic Digestion (AD). Conference on anaerobic digestion (hydrogen and methane) held every four years. In 2017, the 15th conference was held in Harbin (China).
Standards and norms
Regulations
Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 23, 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC (Official Journal of the European Union 5.6.2009)
Statistical and economic data
The hydrogen market
Worldwide hydrogen production amounts to over 550 billion m 3 /year.
Worldwide, 96% of the energy currently used to produce hydrogen comes from fossil fuels using thermochemical processes: 48% from natural gas reforming, 30% from hydrocarbon reforming and 18% from coal gasification.
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