1. Definition of a biosensor

According to Gronow [2] , a biosensor is an analytical tool or system consisting of an immobilized biological compound, called a "ligand", connected to a transducer that transforms the biochemical signal into a quantifiable physical signal. According to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), a biosensor must be small and compact, have a reversible signal, give precise determinations (on-off reactions) and establish a real connection between the biological material and the transducer.

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Definition of a biosensor

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Different types of ligands

Bibliography

(1) - CLARK (L.C.), LYONS (C.) - Electrode systems for continuous monitoring in cardiovascular surgery. - Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 148, p. 133 à 153 (1962).
(2) - GRONOW (M.) - Biosensors. - Trends Biochem. Sci., 9, p. 336 à 340 (1984)....