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4. Conclusion
This article focuses on the key stages of additive manufacturing using filament extrusion. The principle of this process is simple, but although robotization is important in 3D printers, it is necessary to master the successive stages of the process, melting/plasticizing in the heating element, depositing the bead, then cooling it and welding it to neighboring beads. The crucial element is the extruder, which ensures the transition from solid to liquid state in a centimetric space. The polymer's residence time in the heating block is just a few seconds. Here again, as in many processes for manufacturing plastic objects, rheofluidification of polymers makes it possible to create small-diameter filaments with moderate effort.
Thermal studies in the extruder show that wire feed speed plays a crucial role in heating and filling force. It is possible to determine a limit...
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Conclusion
Glossary
Bibliography
Software tools
CAD software
FreeCAD (operating systems: Windows, MacOS and Linux): free, fully customizable software.
CREO (operating system: Windows): payware, one of the market leaders specifically dedicated to additive manufacturing.
Fusion 360 (operating systems: Windows, MacOS and Linux): low-cost, pay-as-you-go software, incorporating finite element calculation...
Websites
3D Natives, the 3D printing media
MakerShop, 3D printing guide for beginners
https://www.makershop.fr/content/
42-guide-impression-3d
all3dp
Events
Exhibitions
3D Print Congress & Exhibition October 11-12, 2023, Parc des expositions, Porte de Versailles, Paris,
https://www.3dprint-exhibition-paris.com/
3D Print Congress & Exhibition June 4-6, 2024, Euroexpo, Lyon,
Standards and norms
- Additive manufacturing – General principles – Terminology. - NF EN ISO/ASTM 52900 - 2017
- Industrial automation systems and integration – Numerical control of machines – Program format and address word definitions – Part 1: Data format for positioning, paraxial motion control and contouring systems. - ISO 6983-1 - 2009
Patents
S. S. CRUMP. Apparatus and method for creating three-dimensional objects. U.S. Pat. US5121329A. 1989. Jun. 9, 1992.
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Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
3D printer manufacturers
Stratasys,
UltiMaker,
Prusa,
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