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1. Preparation
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is obtained by polymerizing vinyl chloride
monomer (VCM) or monochloroethylene
The synthesis is carried out by a radical route using suitable initiators.
The discovery of this polymerization reaction by French chemist Régnault dates back to 1835.
1.1 Monomer synthesis
Since 1970, vinyl chloride monomer with the semi-developed formula
:
is mainly produced...
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Preparation
Properties
Economic data
Production and consumption
PVC is now the third most widely used polymer in the world, after polyethylene and polypropylene. Long ranked second, PVC has slipped back to 3rd place, to the benefit of polypropylene, which has seen greater growth in recent years.
Bibliographies
References
Standards for identifying and determining properties
Some of the methods used to characterize different properties and then identify products have been the subject of national, European or international agreements and have become AFNOR, CEN or ISO standards ...
Legislation and regulations
Health and hygiene
Hygiene at work
The production, processing and use of PVC must be considered from the point of view of protecting the health and safety of workers and users.
Prior to 1976, exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) in polymerization units was the cause of serious pathologies, leading the chemical industry to introduce or reinforce preventive and protective...
Organizations
AFNOR (Association française de normalisation) http://www.afnor.fr
CSTB (Centre scientifique et technique du bâtiment) http://www.cstb.fr
Eco-Emballages (organisme qui supervise et accompagne le tri des emballages ménagers en France)
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