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7. Regulatory and professional context
7.1 European directives
European legislation impacts the composites industry through the following directives.
European Landfill Directive (1999/31/EC): effective end 2004, limits organic compounds in waste (Germany <5%, others >10%). Landfilling of composite materials is set to be banned in many countries.
European Directive on incineration conditions (2000/76/EC): limits the level of energy recovery. Halogenated and contaminated fiber-reinforced plastic (composite) waste is treated as chemical waste.
European Directive on End-of-Life-Vehicles (ELV) (2000/53/EC): specifies rules for dismantling, reusing, recycling and recovering components/materials/energy from end-of-life vehicles. From 2006, 80% of the...
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Regulatory and professional context
Conclusion
Bibliography
Websites
Waste management, Elsevier http://www.elsevier.com
Waste management & research, Sage http://www.sagepub.com
Journal of material cycles and waste management, Springer http://www.springer.com
...Standards and norms
- Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics – Determination of dimensions and appearance ratio of ground objects - ISO/DIS 30012 -
Regulations
Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste, Official Journal L 182 of 16/07/1999 p. 0001 – 0019
Directive 2000/76/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 December 2000 on the incineration of waste, Official Journal L 332, 28/12/2000 p. 0091 – 0111
Directive 2000/53/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 September 2000...
Directory
MCR (Plastic Omnium Group) Composites grinding
ERCOM Composite Recycling GmbH / ERCOM Fibertec GmbH Composite shredding Launched 1991. Closed in 2004
SCORI (TERIS subsidiary) 54, rue Pierre Curie Co-combustion in cement works
Economic data
Composite materials are traditionally much less recycled (5%) than their competitors (65-70% for steel and 30-35% for aluminum in North America, for example). Recycling has developed strongly in Japan (5 to 10 years ahead of Europe), and is now becoming a regulatory obligation in Europe, where it mainly concerns automotive and electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) waste. The corresponding value chain is illustrated at...
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