4. Industrial realization of bi-orientation
Machines and industrial processes for biaxial hollow-body forming can be broadly classified into two processes:
the "hot" cycle, a "one-step" process. A single machine produces the bottles from the polymer granules;
the "cold" 2-step cycle. A first machine produces a semi-finished product, the preform, which is cooled and stored. A second machine heats and blows the preform into a bottle.
4.1 Common operating conditions
Molecular orientation results from stretching (in the case of monofilaments) or bi-stretching (in the case of hollow bodies or bi-stretched films) under well-defined conditions:
The most appropriate deformation...
Exclusive to subscribers. 97% yet to be discovered!
You do not have access to this resource.
Click here to request your free trial access!
Already subscribed? Log in!
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
This article is included in
Plastics and composites
This offer includes:
Knowledge Base
Updated and enriched with articles validated by our scientific committees
Services
A set of exclusive tools to complement the resources
Practical Path
Operational and didactic, to guarantee the acquisition of transversal skills
Doc & Quiz
Interactive articles with quizzes, for constructive reading
Industrial realization of bi-orientation
Bibliography
Software tools
Virtual Prototyping (online software for simulating preform heating and blow molding)
Plastic Technologies, Inc (PTI) http://www.plastictechnologies.com/services/td/virtual_prototyping/
Websites
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injection-soufflage
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene_terephthalate
INRS: toxicological data sheet no. 120 (acetaldehyde) http://www.inrs.fr
...Events
Salon de l'Emballage every two years at Villepinte http://www.emballageweb.com/
Interpack" exhibition in Düsseldorf every three years http://www.interpack.com
Standards and norms
- Determination of polymer viscosity in dilute solution using capillary viscometers – General principles - ISO 1628-1 - 2009
- Determination of polymer viscosity in dilute solution using capillary viscometers – Homopolymers and copolymers of thermoplastic polyesters (TP) - ISO 1628-5 - 1998
- Détermination de l'indice de fluidité à chaud des thermoplastiques, en masse (MFR) et en volume (MVR) Équivalences ASTM :...
Regulations
Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament: safety of machinery http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:157:0024:0086:FR:PDF
European Commission Regulation n° 10/2011 of January 14, 2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into...
Patents
EP1265736 Process for compression moulding semi-crystalline polymers
WO2008/090437 Preform for obtaining containers
US6063325 Method for preventing uncontrolled polymer flow in preform neck finish during packing and cooling stage
EP2159031 Mould and method for manufacturing double-layered preforms by overmoulding, and double-layer preform
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
PET suppliers
Eastman http://www.eastman.com/Brands/Eastman_PET/Pages/Overview.aspx
Equipolymers (Dow) http://www.equipolymers.com/
...Exclusive to subscribers. 97% yet to be discovered!
You do not have access to this resource.
Click here to request your free trial access!
Already subscribed? Log in!
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference