Article | REF: RE267 V1

Self-shaping of 3D forms from solid bilayers

Author: Valeriy LUCHNIKOV

Publication date: November 10, 2017

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ABSTRACT

An approach to the fabrication of small 3D objects via the self-folding of 2D elastomer patterns is presented. Spontaneous curvature is imparted to bilayer polydimethylsiloxane films by extraction of filler from one of the layers. Spheres, cylinders, cages, etc., are auto-formed by relaxation of elastic energy of relevant flat figures. Inner surfaces of microscale self-rolled tubes can be engineered by formation of complex physicochemical patterns on the films prior to rolling. The approach offers new opportunities for microfluidics-related applications, structural engineering, and materials science.

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AUTHOR

  • Valeriy LUCHNIKOV: Chargé de recherche 1re classe de CNRS Institut de science des matériaux de Mulhouse, UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA, Mulhouse, France

 INTRODUCTION

Traditionally, most construction and design materials are manufactured as flat sheets, which are then modified into 3D objects by operations involving the application of external forces to the materials (bending, molding, pressing, etc.). A new trend in structural engineering is to provide flat-formed materials with the ability to automatically transform into volumetric structures through the relaxation of internal mechanical stresses. The technology is advancing rapidly in the field of heterostructured semiconductor films, where it is being explored for the production of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). This article describes the generalization of the approach to bilayer elastic polymer films, to which the spontaneous bending moment is transmitted when a filler material is extracted from the lattice of one of the layers. Elastic energy relaxation of specifically designed 2D polydimethylsiloxane sheets results in various 3D objects, such as spheres, cylinders, cages, etc., whose characteristic size is of the order of a centimeter. Sub-millimeter tubes, formed by self-winding, offer unprecedented possibilities for the functionalization of microfluidic devices.

Key points

Sector: Materials

Degree of technology diffusion: Emergence | Growth | Maturity

Technologies involved: 3D digitization and acquisition; electron microscopy

Applications: Microfluidics; structural engineering

Main French players: V. Luchnikov, Institut de science des matériaux, Mulhouse; F. Malloggi, Laboratoire interdisciplinaire sur l'Organisation nanométrique et supramoléculaire, Saclay.

Other international players: V. Prinz, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia; D. Gracias, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA; O. Schmidt, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Germany; L. Ionov. University of Georgia, USA; J. Korvink, Karlsruhe institute of Technology, Germany.

Contact: Valeriy Luchnikov, [email protected]

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KEYWORDS

microfluidics   |   structural engineering   |   self-forming materials


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3D autofabrication from elastic bilayers