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ABSTRACT
An approach to the fabrication of small 3D objects via the self-folding of 2D elastomer patterns is presented. Spontaneous curvature is imparted to bilayer polydimethylsiloxane films by extraction of filler from one of the layers. Spheres, cylinders, cages, etc., are auto-formed by relaxation of elastic energy of relevant flat figures. Inner surfaces of microscale self-rolled tubes can be engineered by formation of complex physicochemical patterns on the films prior to rolling. The approach offers new opportunities for microfluidics-related applications, structural engineering, and materials science.
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Valeriy LUCHNIKOV: Chargé de recherche 1re classe de CNRS Institut de science des matériaux de Mulhouse, UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA, Mulhouse, France
INTRODUCTION
Traditionally, most construction and design materials are manufactured as flat sheets, which are then modified into 3D objects by operations involving the application of external forces to the materials (bending, molding, pressing, etc.). A new trend in structural engineering is to provide flat-formed materials with the ability to automatically transform into volumetric structures through the relaxation of internal mechanical stresses. The technology is advancing rapidly in the field of heterostructured semiconductor films, where it is being explored for the production of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). This article describes the generalization of the approach to bilayer elastic polymer films, to which the spontaneous bending moment is transmitted when a filler material is extracted from the lattice of one of the layers. Elastic energy relaxation of specifically designed 2D polydimethylsiloxane sheets results in various 3D objects, such as spheres, cylinders, cages, etc., whose characteristic size is of the order of a centimeter. Sub-millimeter tubes, formed by self-winding, offer unprecedented possibilities for the functionalization of microfluidic devices.
Sector: Materials
Degree of technology diffusion: Emergence | Growth | Maturity
Technologies involved: 3D digitization and acquisition; electron microscopy
Applications: Microfluidics; structural engineering
Main French players: V. Luchnikov, Institut de science des matériaux, Mulhouse; F. Malloggi, Laboratoire interdisciplinaire sur l'Organisation nanométrique et supramoléculaire, Saclay.
Other international players: V. Prinz, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia; D. Gracias, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA; O. Schmidt, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Germany; L. Ionov. University of Georgia, USA; J. Korvink, Karlsruhe institute of Technology, Germany.
Contact: Valeriy Luchnikov, [email protected]
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KEYWORDS
microfluidics | structural engineering | self-forming materials
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3D autofabrication from elastic bilayers
Context
Bibliography
Software tools
MeshLab http://www.meshlab.com
The open-source system for processing and editing 3D triangular meshes. It offers functionalities for processing raw data produced by 3D scanning tools/devices and for preparing 3D printing models.
Websites
GOENKA Himanshu Self-Folding Origami Structures Use Light That Changes Shape Of Polymer http://www.ibtimes.com/self-folding-origami-structures-use-light-changes- shape-polymer-2531832 (page accessed June 4, 2017)
RolaTube© technology
Events
μTAS: The International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, held annually http://www.microtas2017.org/
Lab-on-a-Chip and Microfluidics Conference, held annually https://selectbiosciences.com/conferences/index.aspx?conf=LOACM2017
...Patents
V. Loutchnikov, O. Sydorenko, M. Stamm, Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mikroröhrchen aus Polymermaterialen/Method for producing of microtubes from polymer materials/, Deutsche Patent Nr. 10 2004 004 262 München, den 17.11.2005.
Directory
Laboratories – Design offices – Schools – Research centers (non-exhaustive list)
Mulhouse Institute of Materials Science (IS2M) CNRS, Mulhouse, France http://www.is2m.uha.fr/
Three-Dimensional Nanostructures Laboratory, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
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