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ABSTRACT
This article deals with the notion of safety and security as understood for software in scientific and technical systems.
After presenting the aspects of dependability and cybersecurity, the article is devoted to the control of functional safety and reliability of software. It presents FMEA-based safety construction methods and model-based reliability quantification methods. It also deals with the consideration of the human factor when analysing risks.
The article then looks at risk reduction methods based on fault tolerance mechanisms or formal methods. It concludes by reviewing of the normative aspects and the main industrial practices in terms of functional safety.
Read this article from a comprehensive knowledge base, updated and supplemented with articles reviewed by scientific committees.
Read the articleAUTHOR
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Frédérique VALLÉE: Agrégée in mathematics – Doctorate in statistics - Expert in dependability of programmed systems – Consultant, France
INTRODUCTION
The safety of a system corresponds to the non-occurrence of events that could diminish or damage the integrity of the system and its environment throughout the duration of the system's activity, whether successful, degraded or failed. Security covers both random (danger) and deliberate (threat) events.
The reliability of a system corresponds to its ability to perform all the functions specified in its reference document, in a given environment and for a given operating time.
In particular, this article presents the application of dependability techniques to give scientific and technical programmed systems good safety and reliability characteristics.
Scientific and technical programmed systems mainly comprise :
on-board systems in cars, trains, airplanes, medical equipment, weapons systems... ;
control-command systems for industrial installations in the nuclear, chemical and other sectors;
telecommunication systems ;
scientific computing systems.
Before reading this article, it is recommended that you read the general concepts relating to security and risk management of IT systems described in the previous article
It should be noted that the cybersecurity concepts and methods described there are common to all types of IT systems, and are therefore not included in this article.
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KEYWORDS
software | FMECA | Risk analysis | cybersecurity | Functional safety | tolerances | reliability
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Bibliography
Websites
IMdR – Institute for Risk Management
AFIS – French System Engineering Association
AFNOR – Association française de normalisation
...Standards and norms
- Railway applications: signalling, telecommunication and processing systems – software for rail control and protection systems - EN 50128-11 -
- Sécurité fonctionnelle des systèmes électriques/électroniques/électroniques programmables relatifs à la sécurité - CEI 61508-10 -
- Software considerations in airborne systems and equipment certification (Considérations sur le logiciel en vue de la certification...
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