Article | REF: AF3275 V2

Fundamental Physics of Solid-State Laser-Type Materials

Author: Georges BOULON

Publication date: July 10, 2016

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5. Einstein coefficients for absorption, spontaneous emission and stimulated (or induced) emission

The reciprocal action of an electromagnetic wave and an atomic system characterized by its discrete energy levels can be treated by the processes of absorption, spontaneous emission and induced emission. Einstein defined these different mechanisms by coefficients reflecting the probabilities of each.

5.1 Absorption mechanism

Consider a cavity containing n 0 atoms of which n 1 are in the fundamental level, illuminated by a parallel beam of light of frequency ν, such that E 2 – E 1 = hν and energy spectral density ρ(ν), ρ(ν) represents the energy contained in the exciting beam...

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Einstein coefficients for absorption, spontaneous emission and stimulated (or induced) emission