Article | REF: AF3275 V2

Fundamental Physics of Solid-State Laser-Type Materials

Author: Georges BOULON

Publication date: July 10, 2016

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2. Main components of a laser source

The amplification expected with the above-mentioned sources is possible by playing on the electronic population variations of the energy levels that characterize the atoms involved between the fundamental level and the excited levels after the action of optical pumping, a concept introduced in 1951 by Alfred Kastler, then a professor at the Paris Faculty of Science.

A priori knowledge of the energy level diagrams of the active ions encountered in the three states of matter is required: He-Ne, Ar, Kr, CO 2 , CO, excimers in gases, organic dye in liquids and rare-earth ions or luminescent transition ions in solids. The key to successful operation is to reverse the electronic populations between the emitting energy level and the final level of the optical transition. The aim is to...

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Main components of a laser source