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8. Pre-topological spaces without axioms
8.1 Koutský's general pre-topological spaces
Definition (Koutský's pre-topological space (1938)). A Koutský's pre-topological space or pre-topological space without axioms (E,cl) is a non-empty set E with a pre-closure operator
that does not satisfy any axiom of the generalized Kuratowski axiomatics (
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