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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Guillaume LOSFELD: École Polytechnique engineering student, Paris
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Vincent ESCANDE: Master 2 student at Université de la méditerranée, Marseille
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Thierry MATHIEU: Head of the experimental field at the Center for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology
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Claude GRISON: Professor at the University of Montpellier 2 - Researcher at the Center for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology – Labex CeMEB
INTRODUCTION
Anthropogenic activities are responsible for the dispersion of formidable pollutants. Biocides, such as parathion, and heavy metals, such as copper, are prime examples. Parathion and its derivatives are powerful insecticides and fungicides. On the other hand, they are extremely toxic to all forms of animal life, due to their chemical nature; they are thiophosphates. Copper salts are widespread, persistent pollutants which, in high concentrations, are harmful to mammals and highly toxic to marine organisms. For the first time, we are proposing to combine two innovative and sustainable strategies for inorganic and organic pollution control. Copper-hyperaccumulating aquatic plants are used to phytoextract Cu(II) salts in basins mimicking contaminated aquatic areas. The biomass loaded with metal salts is then transformed into a catalyst for parathion hydrolysis. A 31 P-NMR study shows unambiguously that copper salts of plant origin unambiguously accelerate parathion degradation.
Human activities are the cause of dispersion of dangerous pollutants. Biocides, such as parathion, and heavy metals such as copper, are very demonstrative examples. Parathion and its derivatives are potent insecticides and fungicides. However, they are extremely toxic to all forms of animal life, and this because of their chemical nature, they are phosphorothioates. Copper salts are persistent and widespread pollutants, which in high concentrations are harmful to mammals and highly toxic to marine organisms. For the first time, it is proposed to combine two innovative and sustainable strategies to remediate mineral and organic pollution. Aquatic hyperaccumulators of copper are used to phytoextract salts of Cu(II) in pools mimicking contaminated areas. Biomass loaded with metal salts is then transformed into a catalyst for hydrolysis of parathion. A 31 P NMR study clearly shows that copper salts derived from vegetables accelerate the degradation of parathion unequivocally.
pollution, pesticide, phytoextraction, heavy metals, ecological chemistry, 31 P-NMR
phytoextraction, pollution, pesticide, heavy metals, ecological chemistry, 31 P NMR
Field: Ecological chemistry
Degree of technology diffusion: Emergence | Growth | Maturity
Technologies...
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Phytoextraction and dynamized biodegradation: an inventive interdisciplinary approach to environmental protection
Organic and inorganic pollutants
Bibliography
Websites
EU pesticide database http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public/index.cfm
Rotterdam Convention – Share Responsibility (Feb. 2011) [Online] http://www.pic.int/home_fr.php?type=t=86=50=86
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Regulations
Council Directive 91/414/EEC concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market lays down rules and procedures for approval of the active substances at EU-level and for the authorisation at Member State level of plant protection products (PPP) containing these substances
Pollutec 2010 Lyon, 23rd edition http://www.pollutec.com/
...Patents
Utilisation de plantes accumulatrices de métaux lourds pour la mise en œuvre de réactions chimiques, CNRS international patent filed on November 26, 2009, n° PCT/FR2009/052312 ; Extensions internationales brevet CNRS filed on November 18, 2010, n° PCT/FR2010/052451 C. Grison, J. Escarré.
Events
The work presented in this article was selected by ADEME as part of the Innovative Techniques for the Environment program at Pollutec 2010.
Thanks
The authors would like to thank Eddy Petit (IEM UMR 5635) for producing the 31 P NMR spectra.
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