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2. Isotopes and the water cycle
2.1 Atmospheric tracing
Aerosols are the main source of chemical elements transported by rainfall. The atmosphere, through dry deposition (aerosols) or wet deposition (rain), is recognized as a major source of dissolved elements in continental hydrosystems (surface water and groundwater). The components dissolved in rainwater can be divided into three groups:
those derived from marine aerosols ;
those derived from terrigenous aerosols (soil dust, biological emissions);
those derived from human activities (industry, agriculture, etc.).
In order to gain a better understanding of rainfall inputs to watersheds on a local scale, isotope ratios...
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Isotopes and the water cycle
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Bibliography
- (1) - TREUIL (M.) - Éléments chimiques. Émergence des concepts dans les développements de la pensée humaine et de la recherche scientifique. - In Introduction à la géochimie et ses Applications, R. HAGEMANN et M. TREUIL éditeurs, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, Collection enseignement, Chap. 1,...
Standards and norms
NIST: NBS 951 SRM (standard reference material)
NIST: NBS 987 SRM
Regulations
Directive 2000/60/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal n° L 327 of 22/12/2000.
Websites
CARISMEAU project: isotopic and geochemical characterization of Adour Garonne water bodies http://carismeau.brgm.fr
UNESCO.IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency http://www-naweb.iaea.org
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