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4. Ergol reserve
The configuration of the launcher and its environment are not perfectly known on the day of the flight. To guarantee a sufficient probability of reaching orbit, it is necessary to plan for propellant reserves, particularly on the last stage.
4.1 Performance and reserve
Let us note m e the total propellant mass of the final stage, m s its dry mass, m r the reserve mass, m u the payload mass and v e the ejection velocity. The initial and final masses are M i and M f...
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Ergol reserve
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