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6. Conclusion and outlook
While for icing conditions corresponding to FAR Annex C, ice shape modeling on the one hand, and wind tunnel test conditions on the other, are fairly well mastered, the same cannot be said for SLD and mixed conditions. As far as codes and wind tunnels are concerned, there is still room for improvement. For SLD conditions, thermal equilibrium of the drop (drop having the same temperature as the surrounding air) can generally not be achieved: a 20 μm drop travels 12 cm before reaching this equilibrium, a 200 μm drop (drizzle) 12 m and a raindrop (2 mm) 120 m. What's more, technological advances are not helping to simplify the problem. These include, but are not limited to
the widespread use of composite materials will prohibit hot-air anti-icing in its current form: air leaving the picolo at a temperature of 200°C, whereas the composites used...
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Conclusion and outlook
Appendices and accident/incident data
Bibliography
Events
AC-9C Aircraft Icing Technology Committee holds two meetings a year (Spring and Fall meetings) http://www.sae.org/events/icing/specialevents.htm
Congress organized annually by the AIAA. AIAA Aviation and Aeronautics Forum and Exposition https://www.aiaa.org/aviation
...Websites
Patents
Method and device for early detection of ice on a runway WO 2012/049380 A1.
ONERA patents in preparation (Soleau envelopes filed) :
remote detection of freezing rain ;
method for hot-air protection of the leading edges of composite aircraft wings;
measurement of drop diameters and ice crystal...
Directory
Documentation – Training – Seminars (non-exhaustive list)
Continuing education: Icing in aeronautics
EUROSAE: AED 023 course http://www.eurosae.com
European LTC project (EXTICE EXTreme ICing Environment) http://extice.cira.it/
...
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