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1. Electrical power distribution
1.1 Architecture
Primary electrical energy is supplied by generating stations (hydro, nuclear, gas, wind, solar), which distribute the current to all domestic and industrial customers. The very-high-voltage (VHV) distribution network includes interconnection substations, which in turn supply distribution substations. The railroads are one of these subscribers, and must adapt this voltage using their own substations.
With very few exceptions, the railway system uses two-pole traction units, either DC or single-phase AC.
In Europe, for example, the Zermatt-Gornergrat cog railway is supplied with 725 V three-phase power via two contact wires and a third phase via the running rails.
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Bibliography
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Alstom Transport http://www.alstom.fr
Bombardier Transportation http://www.bombardier.com/fr/transport
Standards and norms
- Spécification technique concernant la fourniture de fils rainurés pour lignes de contact - UIC 870 - 01-56
- Railway applications – Traction network supply voltages - NF EN 50163/A1 - 10-07
- Railway applications – Rolling stock – Pantographs: characteristics and tests – Part 2: Pantographs for metros and streetcars - NF EN 50206-2 - 03-11
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