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Article | REF: J2788 V2

Crystallization in solution - Processes and equipment types

Author: Béatrice BISCANS

Publication date: June 10, 2013, Review date: October 1, 2020

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2. Ways of creating supersaturation

A saturated solution is thermodynamically at equilibrium with the solid phase, at a given temperature. However, it is possible to prepare solutions that contain more dissolved solid than corresponds to equilibrium. The solution is then said to be supersaturated. Supersaturated solutions are metastable. The supersaturated state is a necessary condition for all crystallization operations.

Various methods can be used to create supersaturation. These include :

  • thermal methods (cooling or evaporation of the solution);

  • physico-chemical methods (by adding a releasing agent or a third-party solvent);

  • methods involving chemical reaction between two soluble substances to create an insoluble product (precipitation)....

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