Article | REF: MED1500 V1

Lasers in medicine

Author: Serge MORDON

Publication date: October 10, 2013

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1. Different effects of medical lasers

Therapeutic applications of lasers exploit a number of effects that can be produced by the action of a light beam on biological tissue. Whatever the effect used, the mechanism of action always begins with a transfer of the energy carried by the light beam to the tissue. Four effects are usually distinguished:

  • the photomechanical effect: energy is transported by very brief pulses of light, inducing the creation of a plasma which generates a shock wave that causes mechanical disruption of the tissue structure;

  • the photoablative effect: the energy absorbed by the tissue causes a certain number of molecular bonds to break;

  • the thermal effect: energy is locally transformed into heat;

  • the photochemical effect: light energy is absorbed by an exogenous...

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Different effects of medical lasers