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1. Overview of piezoelectric materials
1.1 Ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity
Piezoelectric materials are widely used in electronic devices such as actuators, sensors and transducers, thanks to their excellent electromechanical conversion properties.
The prefix "piezo" comes from the Greek word for "pressure". When a piezoelectric material is subjected to external mechanical stress, charges are generated on its surface. Once polarized, this material creates a voltage. The polarity of the surface charge generated depends on the direction of the applied stress, i.e. compression or tension. The conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy is known as the direct piezoelectric effect. Its discovery is attributed to Pierre and Jacques Curie, in 1880. This property is used in the manufacture...
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Overview of piezoelectric materials
Lead-free piezoelectric materials, alternatives to PZT
Bibliography
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials and components – Part 1: Terms and definitions - NF EN 50324-1 - 12-02
- Piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials and components – Part 2: Measurement methods – Low power - NF EN 50324-2 - 12-02
- Piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials and components – Part 3: Measurement methods – High power - NF EN 50324-3 - 12-02
Directory
Non-exhaustive list of French academic and industrial laboratories working on the study and development of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.
Ceramics Research Institute, Limoges https://www.ircer.fr/
GREMAN Laboratory, Tours https://greman.univ-tours.fr/
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