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3. SAE classification
This universally applicable viscosity classification takes into account various cold and hot viscosity criteria. Dating back to 1911, it is regularly updated to keep pace with engine requirements in terms of cold-operability and hot-safety.
The late 1999 version (SAE J300 DEC99), in force in 2003, defines eleven viscosity grades (table 1 ).
Winter" grades
There are six of them, labelled "W" (from the English abbreviation "Winter"), and they are characterized by two viscosities measured at low temperature.
The first is cold-start viscosity. It is measured on a rotating dynamic viscometer called the "Cold Cranking Simulator" (CCS) (figure
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SAE classification
ACEA European specifications
References
In Techniques de l'Ingénieur Traité Génie mécanique
Standardization
Euro emission standards
The evolution of European standards for pollutant emissions from motor vehicle exhausts is summarized in figure 1 for the Euro I to Euro IV standards for the four...
Professional organizations
AAMA American Automobile Manufacturers Association (United States)
ACEA European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (Europe http://www.acea.be
API American Petroleum Institute (United States) http://www.api.org
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Lubricant additives suppliers
(Non-exhaustive list)
Chevron Oronite Company LLC (United States) : Additives Division of Chevron-Texaco Corp. http://www.chevron.com/prodserv/NewOronite
Chevron Chemical SA (Europe) http://www....
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