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2. Tempering
2.1 Austenitization conditions
As the temperature rises, the – carbides ferrite structure of the tool steel transforms into austenite, with or without carbides depending on the chemical composition of the steel. Austenite formation begins at around 720°C in the case of unalloyed tool steel, with or without an intermediate Ac 1 -Ac 3 zone depending on the carbon content. This temperature is greatly increased by all alphagenic elements (chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, silicon), which tend to reduce the austenitic domain of the iron-carbon diagram, and is lowered by gammagenic elements such as nickel and manganese, which have the opposite effect.
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Tempering
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Bibliography
Standardization
French and European standards
- Steel designation system – Part 1: Symbolic designation, main symbols. Classification number : A02-005-1. - NF EN 10027-1 - 11-1992
- Steel designation systems – Part 2: Digital systems. Classification number : A02-005-2. - NF EN 10027-2 - 11-1992
- Steel designation...
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Construire acier (formerly Office Technique pour l'Utilisation de l'Acier), 20, rue Jean Jaurès, 92800 Puteaux, France.
Center technique des industries mécaniques (CETIM), BP 67, 60304 Senlis Cedex,
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