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ABSTRACT
Technological interest in texture analysis is drawn mainly by the macroscopic anisotropy resulting from preferential orientations of crystallites in polycrystalline material. This article examines the processes that can imprint a texture in an industrial material, including plastic deformation that occurs during forming, primary recrystallization, which develops an often strong cube component, and phase transformation, illustrated with a strip-cast high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel. The development of materials with customized tailored textures will subsequently allow textures to be optimized so as to obtain the increasingly demanding in-use properties of these materials.
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Claude ESLING: Professor Emeritus at the University of Lorraine - Laboratoire d'Étude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux & Laboratoire d'Excellence DAMAS, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
INTRODUCTION
The scientific and industrial importance of mastering the textures of polycrystalline materials is due to the consequences of textures:
on the formability of sheet metals,
and on the shaping and properties of highly anisotropic alloys, especially hexagonal materials such as zinc, zirconium and titanium.
Optimizing the texture of the fini product improves its properties for use. Notable examples include cladding tubes for nuclear fuel, soft magnetic laminations, hard magnetic materials, high-temperature superconductors, ceramic substrates and many others. Aluminium alloy 1050 (99.5% aluminium or aluminium A5) is commonly used in sheet metal work where strength requirements are moderate, not least for its high electrical conductivity. In particular, the manufacture of electrolytic capacitors requires the development of a very pronounced cube texture. The austenitic Fe-Ni36% alloy known as "Invar®" is used in electronic devices due to its low coefficient of thermal expansion and good magnetic properties. For this purpose, it is advantageous to have a high cube orientation fraction. HSLA (High Strength Low Alloy) micro-alloyed steel produced by thin-strip casting is of great industrial interest, not least because hardening is achieved by precipitation and grain-size refinement.
This article details the mechanisms by which crystallographic textures are formed in materials. It follows the article
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
KEYWORDS
metallurgy of steels | manufacturing processes | texture tailoring
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Metal forming and foundry
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Texture and anisotropy of polycrystalline materials
Origins and main characteristics of crystalline textures
Bibliography
3. Software tools
DAHLEM-KLEIN (E.), KLEIN (H.) and PARK (N.J.). – Program system: ODF-Analysis, Cuvillier-Verlag Göttingen, 109 p. (1993).
PARK (N.J.), KLEIN (H.) and DAHLEM-KLEIN (E.). – Program system: physical properties of textured materials. Cuvillier-Verlag Göttingen, 150 p. (1993).
Schaeben et al. A MATLAB Toolbox for Quantitative Texture Analysis,
MATLAB...
4. Websites
LAGAMINE is a finite element code initially developed for the numerical modelling of large strain, large displacement mechanical problems and contact problems.
http://www.facsa.ulg.ac.be/cms/c_1584539/fr/lagamine
Duchene, L. (2003). FEM study of metal sheets with a texture based, local description...
5. Events
ICOTOM symposia: International Conference on Textures of Materials and Proceedings of ICOTOM symposia.
ITAP symposia: International Conference on Texture and Anisotropy of Polycrystals and ITAP symposia proceedings.
The SFMM and DGM Texture and Anisotropy thematic commissions organize an annual Franco-German colloquium (de facto European with regular participation of Belgian,...
6. Norms and standards
- Analyse par microfaisceaux : Lignes directrices pour la mesure d'orientation par diffraction d'électrons rétrodiffusés. Fournit des recommandations sur la façon de produire des mesures d'orientation cristallographique fiables et reproductibles en utilisant la diffraction d'électrons rétrodiffusés (EBSD). Aborde les conditions de préparation des échantillons, la configuration de l'instrument, l'étalonnage et l'acquisition...
7. Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
French Society of Metallurgy and Materials SFMM
Texture and Anisotropy Commission
http://www.sf2m.asso.fr/CommissionsThematiques/texture.htm
Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Materialkunde e.V.DGM...
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