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3. In situ and laboratory soil characterization
The purpose of geological and geotechnical surveys is to acquire the data needed for the studies associated with the structures to be built. These surveys are more or less detailed, depending on the progress of the project.
Specific soil data are required to characterize site effects. These include :
the shear wave velocity profile V S measured, for example, by cross-hole tests, and the Poisson's ratio of the soil layers;
curves showing the evolution of shear modulus G and damping D as a function of distortion γ, or the non-linear behavior of the soil ;
the geometry of the sedimentary basin, where applicable.
Added to this is the stratigraphy of the site determined from...
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In situ and laboratory soil characterization
Evaluating seismic site effects: competition between amplification and de-amplification
Bibliography
Software tools
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Cyberquake – This software models the response of soils to seismic shocks.
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Code-Aster – This is a free software package for numerical simulation of structural mechanics.
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Standards and norms
- Calcul des structures pour leur résistance au séisme. Partie 5 : Fondations, ouvrages de soutènements et aspects géotechnique. - NF EN 1998-5 AFNOR - septembre 2005
Regulations
Decree no. 2010-1254 of October 22, 2010 on seismic risk prevention.
Décret n° 2010-1255 du 22 octobre 2010 portant délimitation des zones de sismicité du territoire français.
Arrêté du 22 octobre 2010 relative à la classification et aux règles de constructions parasismiques applicables aux bâtiments de la classe dite "à risque normal" (Order of October 22, 2010 on the classification...
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