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10. Glossary – Definitions
Photoelectric effect; Photoelectric effect
The process by which a photon of light, incident on a specific material, releases an electron that participates in the conduction current. The photon's energy is totally or partially transformed into kinetic energy.
Pixel; Pixel
The smallest light-sensitive element in an image (contraction of picture element). A sensor's pixels can be either contiguous or spaced apart; their size (1.5 µm to 30 µm) and shape are optimized to suit the intended application.
Capacité à puits plein ; Full well capacity
Maximum number of electrons that can be trapped by the potential difference that maintains the pixel's potential well. It is expressed in number of electrons, in bits or in grayscale/color.
Dynamic range...
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Glossary – Definitions
Bibliography
Websites
UNIT (Université numérique en ingénierie et technologie), OPI (optique pour l'ingénieur) course "M7G4 Fundamentals of image sensors", http://optique-ingenieur.org/fr/cours/OPI_fr_M05_C06/co/OPI_fr_M05_C06_web.html SD association (page consulted March 2015)
Linkemann...
Standards and norms
- Standard for Characterization of Image, Sensors and Cameras, Release 3.0, Issued by European Machine Vision Association. - EMVA Standard 1288 - Nov 29, 2010
- Photography – Digital still cameras – Determination of exposure index, ISO speed ratings, standard output sensitivity, and recommended exposure index. - ISO 12232 - 2006
Patents
YAMADA, Shigeru, TSUJI, Masataka, and MITSUI, Kenji. High speed imaging apparatus. U.S. Patent N° 5, 412, 422, May 2, 1995.
ACIU, Alexandru V., POP, Petru, and CORLAN, Radu. High-frame rate image acquisition and motion analysis system. U.S. Patent N° 5, 625, 412, Apr. 29, 1997.
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Vision Research, USA:
Photron (Europe) Limited, United Kingdom :
NAC, Japan :
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