Français
8. Conclusion
Since the first submarine link using optical amplification (TAT 12/13) in 1996, the deployment of these links has seen fantastic growth, with more than 1,000,000 km of submerged cables today. The key success factors of this technology are transmission capacity and repeater reliability (less than three failures per link in 25 years). In twenty years, fiber transmission capacity has increased 2,000-fold, from 5 Gb/s in 1995 to over 10 Tb/s in 2015. This has been made possible by two major technological developments:
wavelength division multiplexing (up to 100 wavelengths per fiber) appeared in 1998 with the Gemini transatlantic link (now out of service) and especially in 2000 with the Sea-ME-We 3 network, which was also the first system to offer fixed OADM (Optical Add Drop Multiplexing) functionality in underwater equipment;
...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
This article is included in
Optics and photonics
This offer includes:
Knowledge Base
Updated and enriched with articles validated by our scientific committees
Services
A set of exclusive tools to complement the resources
Practical Path
Operational and didactic, to guarantee the acquisition of transversal skills
Doc & Quiz
Interactive articles with quizzes, for constructive reading
Conclusion
Glossary
Bibliography
Conferences
Proceedings of SubOptic 2001, Kyoto, May 20-24, 2001
Proceedings of SubOptic 2004, Monaco, 29 mars-1 er avril 2004
Proceedings of SubOptic 2007, Baltimore, May 14-17, 2007
Proceedings of SubOptic 2010, Yokohama, May 11-14, 2010
Proceedings of SubOptic 2013, Paris, April 22-25, 2013...
Standards and norms
ITU (International Telecommunication Union) recommendations for fiber optic submarine cables :
- General features of optical fibre submarine cable systems - G971 -
- Definition of terms relevant to optical fiber submarine cable systems - G972 -
- Characteristics of repeaterless optical fiber submarine cable systems - G973 -
- Longitudinally compatible DWDM applications for repeaterless...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
