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3. Solutions for transmissions over infinite distances
3.1 Soliton robustness
The soliton is the natural impulse propagating in a fiber with abnormal chromatic dispersion. Any impulse, if propagated far enough, decomposes into solitons and a dispersive wave. Within a certain amplitude range, a single soliton can emerge from the initial impulse, and there is always an amplitude for which the energy in the dispersive wave is minimal.
• Consider the impulse A sech (t ) :
when amplitude A is less than 0.5, the entire wave disperses;
for 0.5 < A < 1.5 (i.e. over a dynamic range of 9.5 dB), a single soliton emerges from the initial pulse; obviously, the energy of the dispersive wave...
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