4. Main types

A filler is a solid substance used in plastics. They are introduced to modify or reinforce physical or mechanical properties, improve fire resistance or reduce cost. Its incorporation rate varies from a few % to several dozen %.

For example:

mineral fillers (talc, barium sulfate, antimony oxide, etc.);
organic fillers (wood flour, etc.);
reinforcing fillers (glass fibers, flax fibers, etc.).

Fillers are not included in the term "pigments". Their main purpose is not to color.

The Colour Index CI is a systematic way of identifying a colorant and its chemical formula. This coding system is universally known. An association of American chemists (The Society...

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Main types

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page Mineral pigments/organic pigments comparison

Pigment preparations

Bibliography

(1) - BROWN (H.E.) - Zinc Oxide – Properties and Applications - IIZRO, New York (1976).
(2) - BENZING (G.) et al - Pigmente und Farbstoffe für die lackindustrie - Expert verlag, Ehningen, Allemagne (1992).
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Standards and norms

Testing of pigments (Part 1 et Part 2). - DIN 53235 -
Testing in plasticised PVC – Composition and preparation of basic mixture. - DIN 53775 -
Colouring materials ; classification according to coloristic and chemical aspects. - DIN 55944 -
Plastics – Methods of Exposure to laboratory light sources. - DIN 53387 -
Printing, printing inks and substrates – Assessment of light fastness...

Regulations

Circular N° 176 du 2/12/1959 relative aux pigments et colorants des matières plastiques et emballages.

Council Directive 91/338/EEC of June 18, 1991 amending for the tenth time Directive 76/769/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances and preparations....