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5. Accidentology and risks associated with silos
5.1 Silo accidents
The handling of granular products requires the installation of batteries of large storage silos, capable of holding several hundred tonnes of product per unit. The ensiling of divided solids in such silos presents risks of fire, explosion and collapse, of which the accidents that occurred in Metz (12 deaths in 1982) and Blaye (11 deaths and 1 injured in 1997) are the best known to the general public. The latter was behind the ministerial decree of July 29, 1998, which is still in force. In France, the inspection and monitoring of grain storage silos has been a major focus since 2006. In the ICPE (installations classées pour la protection de l'environnement) classification, all silos and storage facilities for cereals, grains, food products or any organic product...
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Accidentology and risks associated with silos
Conclusion
Bibliography
Software tools
Silo Stress tool: free software for calculating vertical and horizontal stress profiles.
http://www.dietmar-schulze.com
LIGGGHTS®: open source software for the simulation of granular media using the Discrete Element Method (DEM).
...Websites
UNIT module (open-access distance learning course): "Powder Science and Technology".
Dietmar Schulze
http://www.dietmar-schulze.com
Freeman Technology
Events
World Congress of Particle Technology (event held every 3 years).
PARTEC International Congress on Particle Technology, Nuremberg, Germany (annual event).
International Conference on Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids (CHoPS) (event held every 3 years).
Powders & Grains (event held every 4 years).
Regulations
State-of-the-art guide to silos :
http://www.installationsclassees.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
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