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4. Speed profiles
A large number of experimental and theoretical studies have focused on characterizing velocity profiles during silo emptying. Experimental approaches are generally based on the use of a tracer that can be detected and whose displacement tracked by appropriate analytical techniques, either in situ or ex situ. In 1982, Tüzün et al. provide a comprehensive review of the experimental techniques reported in the literature to date. According to these authors, tracing methods enabling direct observation of the flow can be classified into three categories: photographic techniques, use of X-rays or gamma rays, and flow-freezing...
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Speed profiles
Conclusion
Bibliography
Software tools
Silo Stress tool: free software for calculating vertical and horizontal stress profiles.
http://www.dietmar-schulze.com
LIGGGHTS® : Open source software for the simulation of granular media using the Discrete Element Method (DEM).
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UNIT module (open-access distance learning course): "Powder Science and Technology".
Dietmar Schulze
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