1. Biotechnology and biopharmacy
Three types of application can be presented in the field of biology and pharmaceuticals, namely the treatment of fermentation musts, the concentration and purification of active ingredients in vaccines and antibiotics and, finally, the production of highly purified water.
1.1 Fermentation must extraction
Biotechnology is the science of exploiting cells and micro-organisms to produce or transform a wide range of substances known as metabolites in fields such as agri-food and pharmaceuticals. It wasn't until the 1970s, when the biology of microbes was well understood, that the stage of industrial-scale production of microorganism cultures (bacteria, fungi) and the resulting metabolites could be developed.
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Unit operations. Chemical reaction engineering
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