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5. Applications as reaction media
Due to their scalable properties, supercritical fluids are particularly attractive reaction media. In organic synthesis, CO 2 is the most widely used solvent despite its limited solvent power with respect to polar substrates; light alkanes, mainly propane, and dimethyl ether are also employed; water and ammonia are reserved for special applications under extreme temperature and pressure conditions. Finally, the implementation of new polymerization routes using micelles or emulsions in a supercritical fluid (usually CO 2 ) are also under study.
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Bibliography
Reference works
Thousands of articles, patents and symposium proceedings ( http://www.isasf.net ), dozens of books make up a considerable bibliography. See The Journal of Supercritical Fluids (Elsevier). Here are a few reference works and bibliographical reviews:
Regulations
Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), establishing a European Chemicals Agency, amending Directive 1999/45/EC and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1488/94 as well as Council Directive 76/769/EEC and Commission Directives 91/155/EEC,...
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