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1. Molecule structures and characteristics
Dioxin, furan and polychlorinated biphenyl molecules are formed by two aromatic rings, bridged or not by oxygens, and substituted by chlorines or bromines, the number of which can vary from 1 to 8 (table 1 ). Depending on the position and number of chlorines, there are therefore different congeners: 75 dioxins (PCDDs or PBDDs), 135 furans (PCDFs or PBDFs), 1,550 PBCDDs, 3,050 PBCDFs and 209 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), whose toxicity varies widely depending on their molecular structure. If only chlorinated compounds are considered, 29 of them (7 PCDDs, 10 PCDFs and 12 dioxin-type PCBs) are estimated to be toxic. To estimate PCDD/F toxicity, compound weighting factors (I-TEF: International Toxicity Equilavent Factor) are applied, as shown in Table 2 . Two references...
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Molecule structures and characteristics
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Bibliography
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Emissions from stationary sources – Determination of the mass concentration of PCDD/PCDF and dioxin-like PCBs – Part 1: PCDD/PCDF sampling - NF EN 1948-1 - 2006
- Emissions from stationary sources – Determination of PCDD/PCDF and dioxin-like PCB mass concentrations – Part 2: extraction and purification of PCDD/PCDF - NF EN 1948-2 - 2006
- Emissions from stationary sources – Determination of the mass concentration...
Regulations
Regulations – Recommendations (in chronological order)
Arrêté du 10 octobre 1996 relatif aux installations spécialisées d'incinération et aux installations de co-incinération de certains déchets industriels spéciaux.
Conseil supérieur d'hygiène publique de France, section de l'alimentation et de la nutrition, recommendations on dioxin, meeting of March 17, 1998.
European...
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