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Article | REF: J4040 V1

Calculation of catalytic reactors - Ammonia synthesis

Authors: Victor KAISER, Ermanno FILIPPI, Henri Dominique LÉGER, Pierre LESUR

Publication date: June 10, 1999

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AUTHORS

  • Victor KAISER: Doctorate in engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich - TECHNIP France

  • Ermanno FILIPPI: Doctor of Chemical Engineering - Ammonia Casale SA

  • Henri Dominique LÉGER: Heurtey Industries

  • Pierre LESUR: Société chimique de la Grande Paroisse

 INTRODUCTION

Ammonia synthesis is one of the most important catalytic processes, alongside sulfuric acid synthesis. These two processes form the basis of the nitrogen fertilizer industry, whose importance to the global economy is well established. The recent self-sufficiency in cereals of countries such as India and Indonesia has only been possible thanks to the progressive development of the chemical fertilizer industry.

Production costs depend essentially on the price of natural gas (raw material and energy), with total consumption ranging from 30 to 40 GJ per tonne of ammonia produced.

The calculation and optimization of the ammonia reactor is of prime importance in the overall design of such a production plant. Recent developments in catalysts and technology have been driven by the rising cost of energy.

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