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3. Ontologies
Originally, ontology was a branch of philosophy in which philosophers attempted to give a formal account of what exists. The philosophical term "ontology" comes from the ancient Greek ôn, onton, present participle of einai- and discourse, study, science – of logos (Encyclopédie Universalis, 2000).
At present, the term ontology is used in two ways, the first belonging to classical philosophy and the second, more recent, to the cognitive sciences. By convention, the notation ontology (with a capital O) is assigned to the field originating in philosophy, and ontology to the others.
Taken in its broadest sense, the term ontology can be defined as a theory or conception of reality. In computer science, an ontology is understood as a system of fundamental concepts that are represented in a form that can be interpreted by a computer.
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Ontologies
Conclusion
Bibliography
References
Standardization
- Information et documentation. Format pour l'échange d'information. (MARC) - ISO 2709:1996 - 8-96
- Traitement de l'information. Systèmes bureautiques. Langage normalisé de balisage généralisé (SGML) (rectificatifs en 1996 et 1999) - ISO 8879:1986 - 10-86
- Systèmes de transfert des informations et données spatiales. Système ouvert d'archivage d'information. Modèle de référence (OAI-PMH) - ISO 14721:2003 - 3-03 ...
Organizations
American Memory
DAML http://www.daml.org
DC, Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
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