5. Major trends

5.1 Towards the limits of CMOS

The evolution of CMOS technologies is well summed up by the following two statements made by P. Gargini, Intel Fellow and Chairman of ITRS during a 2014 presentation :

• "Predictors of Engineering Limits have Always been Proven Wrong by The Right Improvements". 3D transistors are a typical example of such improvements;

• "It Would be Wrong to Believe that the Right Fundamental Limits Don't Exist". Successive technology nodes move closer to the fundamental limits (figure...