1. Proof of programs. IDM process

Learning programming languages is a priori obvious and very easy when you're using very high-level languages and programming environments, and as long as you stick to developing and testing programs for relatively one-off applications.

In this paragraph, we show why designing and writing programs in an industrial environment quickly becomes very difficult, if not impossible.

In fact, programming requires the involvement of several teams of specialists throughout the software development process, as well as for corrective and evolutionary application maintenance. A number of approaches have been suggested and proposed for organizing and planning the involvement of these specialists in the process. However, in this article, we focus on program proof techniques which lead programmers to reason directly about code to check and prove that it...