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2. Signage models
The differences between communication networks lead to two signaling models: the first, developed for telephone networks where signaling must take a different path from that of the content, uses the path-decoupled or push model; the second, used in IP networks, sends all information on the same medium, and uses the path-coupled or pull model.
In the path-coupled model, signaling and data use the same destination IP address in the downstream path and, sometimes, return messages are sent via the same, reverse path; this implies that the router remembers the address of the previous router for a given flow, which can lead to an explosion in the number of contexts.
In the decoupled path model, signaling messages are directed to other devices that are not in the communication path of a flow....
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Signage models
Specifications for quality of service signalling
Bibliography
Standards and norms
International Telecommunication Union
- Internet protocol data communication service – IP packet transfer and availability performance parameters - ITU-T Y.1540 - 2007
- Network performance objectives for IP-based services - ITU-T Y.1541 - 2006
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