2. Operation of the ideal transistor
Before turning to the mathematical model of a MOS transistor, we'll develop the notion of threshold voltage (V th threshold voltage); this is one of the most fundamental notions for a TMOS, as it governs the transistor's turn-on (sometimes, V th is also called turn-on voltage).
Next, we'll explain the physical principle behind TMOS modeling, based on Ohm's law. This will easily lead us to the mathematical model.
In this paragraph, we'll use an NMOS transistor as an example, but the same reasoning and equations (with the exception of a change of sign) can be applied to PMOS devices.
2.1 Threshold voltage
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Operation of the ideal transistor
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