Article | REF: D2706 V1

Superconducting Cavities for Particle Accelerators

Authors: Claire ANTOINE, Juliette PLOUIN

Publication date: May 10, 2014

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1. Accelerating charged particles

1.1 Relativistic particle energy

The relativistic formulation is used to describe the motion of accelerated particles, which reach speeds close to that of light. A particle in motion can be defined by its absolute velocity v, or by its relative velocity β = v /c, c being the speed of light in a vacuum. Its energy at rest is equal to E 0 = mc 2 , where m is its mass. Its total energy in motion is equal to γ · mc 2 where γ is the Lorentz factor relating to the particle's motion :

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Accelerating charged particles