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2. Local expense losses
Local head losses are caused by pipe routing accidents (elbows, cones, bypasses, etc.) and by control, monitoring or regulation equipment.
Despite their importance in assessing pipe characteristics, they are difficult to quantify at the outset of the study. They therefore have to be estimated a priori to be included in the calculation, and specified when the project is finalized.
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Calculating local pressure losses
The general expression for local head losses caused by various fittings and equipment is derived from Torricelli's law:
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Local expense losses
Flow rates and pressure losses in networks
Bibliography
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Legislation
Law 2006 – 1772 of December 30, 2006 on water and aquatic environments
Sanitary regulations
Regulations
Public Health Code Articles R 1321-1 to R 1321-66, D 1321-67 and D 1321-68
Code des collectivités locales – Articles R 2224-6 to R 2224-22-6
Code de la construction et de l'habitation – Articles L135-1 et R135-1 – Chapter V: Saving water consumption in buildings
Decree no. 2007-49 of January 11, 2007 on the safety of water intended for human consumption...
Standards
- Technical specifications for water installations for human consumption inside buildings – Part 1: General information - NF EN 806-1 - juin 2001
- Technical specifications for water installations for human consumption inside buildings – Part 1: General information - NF EN 806-1/A1 - décembre 2002
- Technical specifications for water installations for human consumption inside buildings – Part 2: Design - NF EN 806-2...
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