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1. Context
Caisse Nationale de l'Assurance Maladie des Travailleurs salariés (CNAM) statistics for 2003 showed that musculoskeletal disorders, mainly related to physical activities at work such as lumbago, sprains, dislocations and muscular pain or tears, accounted for 60% of accidents at work (AT), 40% of work stoppages and 30% of permanent partial disability (IPP) after AT (CNAM-ts 2005) . Statistics on occupational illnesses recognized and settled in 2003 (34,642 in all) showed that 77% of them were linked to physical activities at work (repetitive work, application of force, local work,...
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Anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of the musculoskeletal system
Bibliography
Standards and norms
ISO/DIS Draft International Standard ISO/DIS 8996 – Ergonomics – Determination of metabolic heat production. Geneva, 2002.
AFNOR (Association Française de Normalisation)
X 35-002 Anthropometric models of the male and female population (July 1982). This standard gives the dimensions of the various body segments for both sexes and for 3 classes of individuals: tall, medium...
Regulations
Labor code and standards
Labor Code
General principles of prevention (L. 4121-1 to L. 4121-5; R. 4121-1 to R. 4121-4)
Article L. 4121-1
"The employer takes the necessary measures to ensure the safety and protect the physical and mental health of workers.
These measures include :
...
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