Article | REF: C2522 V2

Steel structures - Welded joints

Author: Jean-Pierre MUZEAU

Publication date: August 10, 2012, Review date: January 15, 2015

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ABSTRACT

This article is dedicated to welding assembly techniques. This permanent assembly process is obtained by the localized fusion of the metal of the parts to be assembled in the area of the joint. The three main methods in order to produce the heat required for welding are successively dealt with. The related phenomena are also studied and in particular the oxy-acetylene flame, resistance to current conduction and the electric arc. After having presented the various types of welding and the calculation of weld seams in compliance with the standard EN 1993-1-8, it concludes on the specificities of the wedling of studs in order to ensure the bond between steel and concrete in mixed construction.

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AUTHOR

  • Jean-Pierre MUZEAU: Former student of the École Normale Supérieure de Cachan - Docteur d'Etat es Sciences Physiques – University Professor - Honorary Professor and former Head of the Civil Engineering Department at Polytech'Clermont-Ferrand - Chairman, APK (Association pour la Promotion de l'Enseignement de la Construction Acier)

 INTRODUCTION

The articles on assembly methods used in steel construction have been subdivided into several sections:

  • [C 2 520] "Means of assembly;

  • [C 2 521] "Assembly by mechanical processes".

This third article deals with welding assembly techniques.

Welding is a permanent joining process obtained by localized fusion of the metal of the parts to be joined in the joint area.

There are three main methods for creating the heat required for welding:

  • oxyacetylene flame;

  • resistance to current flow ;

  • electric arc.

Each method produces a bath of molten steel that must be protected from atmospheric contamination, as the molten steel is likely to absorb gases from the air, which can render the weld porous and thus lead to mechanical and metallurgical problems. The method used to achieve this protection has a major influence on the characteristics of the operating procedure.

Oxyacetylene flashlights are more commonly used for cutting parts, although laser and plasma cutting processes are becoming increasingly common.

Resistance processes are used in spot welding of thin components.

The most commonly used methods for welding structural steel components are based on the electric arc.

This article begins by describing the various welding processes available in steel construction, and the many phenomena associated with them.

The second part presents the different types of welds:

  • butt welds ;

  • corner cords ;

  • plug welds ;

  • spot welding.

The third part presents the calculation of weld seams as defined in EN 1993-1-8. While butt welds generally require no specific dimensioning when they ensure the geometrical and mechanical continuity of the assembled parts, this is not the case for other types of weld...

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KEYWORDS

weld   |   cordon of weld   |   welded gudgeon


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